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Vascular Medicine, Vol. 12, No. 4,
285-290 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1358863X07084858
Increased levels of apoptosis in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Robert G. Mitchell
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Brian D. Duscha
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Jennifer L. Robbins
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Shelley I. Redfern
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Jayer Chung
University of Colorado Heath Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
Daniel R. Bensimhon
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
William E. Kraus
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
William R. Hiatt
University of Colorado Heath Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
Judith G. Regensteiner
University of Colorado Heath Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
Brian H. Annex
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA, annex001{at}mc.duke.edu
Intermittent claudication (IC) is the major clinical manifestation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Apoptosis has been linked to skeletal muscle pathophysiology in other chronic diseases such as congestive heart failure. This study tested the hypothesis that there would be increased levels of apoptosis in the skeletal muscle of patients with PAD compared with control individuals. In total, 26 individuals with PAD and 28 age-appropriate controls underwent studies of peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) and a gastrocnemius muscle biopsy in the most symptomatic leg. Muscle biopsies were analyzed for apoptosis and caspase-3 activity. Patients with PAD had a reduced peak VO2 compared with controls. Apoptosis was increased in those with PAD compared with age-appropriate controls (3.83% ± 2.6 vs 1.53% ± 0.96; p < 0.001). In conclusion, PAD is associated with increased levels of apoptosis in the peripheral skeletal muscle. Further study is required to ascertain whether apoptosis plays a role in decreased functional capacity.
Key Words: caspase • endothelial cells • exercise • intermittent claudication
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