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Vascular Medicine
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review-article

Imaging of the carotid arteries: the role of duplex ultrasonography, magnetic resonance arteriography, and computerized tomographic arteriography

Michael R Jaff

Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Division of Vascular/Endovascular Surgery, The Massachusetts General Hospital Vascular Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA mjaff{at}partners.org

Gregory V Goldmakher

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Michael H Lev

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Javier M Romero

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Abstract

Stenosis of the internal carotid artery represents a major cause of stroke, with atherosclerosis representing the major pathophysiology of this stenosis. It is estimated that over 700,000 Americans suffer a stroke annually. A prompt and accurate diagnosis of carotid artery disease is critical when planning a therapeutic strategy. Physical examination is inaccurate in determining the presence and severity of carotid artery disease. Therefore, reliable imaging tests which offer little risk to the patient are required.

Key Words: carotid artery diseases • diagnostic • imaging

Vascular Medicine, Vol. 13, No. 4, 281-292 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1358863X08091971
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